HTML
Text
Headings
- from h1 to h6
<h1>….<h6> - h1 is the main heading, then we have subheadings.
- ` If there are further sections under the subheadings then the element is used this element `
Paragraphs
<p>, consists of one or more sentences.Bold & Italic
<b><i>- used in the Paragraph
Superscript & Subscript
<sup>, used : power number-
<sub>, used : foot notes or chemical formulas - In code the White Space (more than one) is not eficted on the output,
This is known as white space collapsing.
Line Breaks & Horizontal Rules
<br />add a line break inside the paragraph. “ Line Breaks “<hr />add a horizontal rule between sections. “ Horizontal Rules “
Visual Editors & Their Code views
Visual Editors : often resemble word processors, If you copy and paste text from a program that allows you to format text.Code views : show you the code created by the visual editor so you can manually edit it, or so you can just enter new code yourself.
Strong & Emphasis
<strong>for importance content, the content will be bold.<em>“emphasis” changed the content , the content will be italic.- used in Paragraph
Quotations
<q>used for short quotation, in Paragraph.<blockquote>when all the Paragraph was a quotation.
Abbreviations
- for html5
<abbr>When the mouse stopped on the word to make you the text of the title.Citations & Definitions
<cite>Citation<dfn>Definition- used in Paragraph
Author Details
- contact author details, like:physical address,phone number,email address.
<address>
Changes to Content
<ins>insert, underline<del>delete<s>strikethrough
CSS
What CSS does?? CSS will treat each element as if it lives inside its own box
BLOCK & INLINE ELEMENTS
“In this example, block level elements are shown with red borders, and inline elements have green borders. The
<body>element creates the first box, then the<h1>,<h2>,<p>,<i>, and<a>elements each create their own boxes within it. Using CSS, you could add a border around any of the boxes”.
- Example of what you can do with Boxes: Width and height , Background color , Borders (color, width, and style) , Position in the browser window
- Example of what you can do with Text: Typeface , Size , Color ,Italics, bold, uppercase, lowercase, small-caps .
CSS Associates Style rules with HTML elements
CSS
works by associating rules with HTML elements. These rules govern how the content of specified elements should be displayed. A CSS rule contains two parts: a selector and a declaration.
How Elements Are Displayed
CSS declarations sit inside curly brackets and each is made up of two parts: a property and a value, separated by a colon.
Using External CSS
-
special file for css , linked to HTML file in head.
- three attributes: href , type , rel ## Using Internal CSS
- write in the head by
<style> - just one file
CSS Selectors
There are many different types of CSS selector that allow you to target rules to specific elements in an HTML document.
- Class Selector : mentioned using . , in style
- ID Selector : mentioned using # , in style
Why use External Style Sheets?
- All pages of your web can share the same style sheet, by using link.
- If you want to make a change to how your site appears, you only need to edit the one CSS file.
- The HTML code will be easier to read and edit.
JS
STATEMENTS
A script is a series of instructions that a computer can follow one-by-one. Each individual instruction or step is known as a statement.
- Example: var today= new Date{); var hourNow = today.getHours{) ; var greeting;
COMMENTS
- used to explain what your code does.
- Just the programer can see it
- /* the COMMENT */ , multiline
- // the COMMENT , single line
WHAT IS A VARIABLE?
- Is the pocket we put something in it. It can differentiate between data types and the value.
-
var quantity ;
- var quantity = 3 ; or
- var quantity = ‘3’ ;
DATA TYPES
- NUMERIC
- STRING
- BOOLEAN
- we can created an Array
Operators
- We have many Operators
- *
- +
- -
- /
- ==
- !=
- !==
- ===
- <
-
- <=
-
=
- The priority of parentheses must be observed’()’
- from left to right
AND , OR , not
like: (var == ‘1’ && var < ‘10’)
Loops
- It works on checking the condition if it is true entry into the block.
- type of loops:
- for
- while
- do while
for
- when you have a specific number of runs.
- The most common.
- The counter(var) often starts at zero.
- Every time one counter increases.
- When the condition becomes “f” out of the block.
while
- The meter usually starts with 1.
- The increase over the counter is in the block.
- Statement 1: ‘= +’ Used to add new content to var ‘msg’ every run.
-
Statement 2: Increase counter variable by 1.
- Make sure not to fall into a trap of the infinity loop.🌝
